Such a categorization would overlook the dual aspect of every text of Scripture. (LogOut/ This article questions the value of the categories the school of Antioch and Antiochene christology on the basis of the significant theological differences between the two central figures in the school: John Chrysostom and Theodore of Mopsuestia, both of whom studied together at the school of Diodore of Tarsus in the late fourth century. WebCyril of Alexandria was not only one of the finest Christian theologians of his day, he also stands out in the ranks of the greatest patristic writers of all generations as perhaps the most powerful exponent of Christology the church has known. 0000008565 00000 n WebAntiochene exegetes tended to insist more than their Alexandrian counterparts on the importance of seeing each biblical passage in its context within the longer narrative of Israels history, and to search for practical, moral applications, while Alexandrian interpreters tended to be more interested in the theological and spiritual meaning. Some Facts About the Alexandrine Ch~istology While the Alexandrian school adopted the "hypostasis union" or the "nature union" of the Antiochene side. The Alexandrian Christology is usually referred to as Christology from above, orLogos SarxChristology. Cyril insists that while of itself human nature is not powerful but passible, in its union with the godhead, as in the dynamic act of Incarnation, the human nature of the Logos thereby becomes an instrument of omnipotent power and thus, in a real thought paradoxical sense, an omnipotent instrument. Where Presbyterian faith meets postmodern culture. successful learners are eligible for higher studies and to attempt competitive John Anthony McGuckin (Louisville, Ky.: Westminster John Knox Press, 2004), 139. Christology He was endowed with a brilliant mind and a zeal for orthodoxy, but sometimes his efforts to combat heresies would cause him to over-correct in heterodox directions. Alexandrian 0000008544 00000 n ALEXANDRIAN I will show how the distinction between law and gospel in his Commentary on Galatians favors the discontinuity of Mosaic Law. 0000001216 00000 n According to Marcion, the material world was created by an inferior deity known as a Demiurge, who revealed himself to the Hebrews and gave them a law of strict retributive justice. Change). He writes: The works which Paul repudiates and frequently criticizes are not the works of righteousness which are commanded in the law, but those in which they boast, who keep the law according to the flesh; that is to say, the circumcision of the flesh, the sacrificial rituals, and the observance of Sabbaths and new moon festivals. Our Degree programs are offered by UGC approved Indian universities and recognized by competent authorities, thus successful learners are eligible for higher studies in regular mode and attempting PSC/UPSC exams. These and works of a similar nature are the works by which he says no one can be saved[21], Three observations ought to be noted here. Si Jess era humano, argumenta Cirilo, y si Dios estaba en otro lugar, la Encarnacin, la Palabra hecha carne, carecera de sentido. 16 and 33, Vetus Latina: Aus der Geschichte der lateinischen Bibel (Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany: Herder, 1990-1998). For himself, he says, he has chosen to be on the. WebAlexandria as they had his teacher Origen, but Arius almost single-handedly ushered in an era in which the church was well-nigh intoxicated with Christology, though he did so from a Trinitarian perspective and did not waste much time on the articulation between Christs disparate natures. More often, however, Origen makes use of a merely twofold distinction between the literal sense and the spiritual sense, in accordance with Pauls terminology of letter and spirit (2 Cor. WebANTIOCHENE THEOLOGY The dominant theology of the early Church in Antioch. En sus cartas contra Nestorio, Cirilo no slo defiende el ttulo de Theotokos contra acusaciones de que estaba reviviendo la hereja del Apolinarianismo, pero l niega la genuina legitimidad del uso de esquemas cristolgicos alternativos, tales como la asociacin de personas, de la que haban hablado los pensadores antioqueos. Alexandrian and Antiochian approaches to hermeneutics as Conceiving Orthodox Christology, reviewing Cyril - pillar of faith'- Miaphysite Soteriology, in light of recent theological research, by Kasper, McGuckin, Meunier, Schoonenberg, Wickham, et al, Dogma and spirituality in Cyrillian logic. of the Alexandrian-Antiochene Schools of This method is set forth most explicitly in his work De Principiis (On First Principles), and is also evident in his numerous commentaries. Quite the contrary, Origen believes that the letter of the Mosaic Law brought the beginnings of life to humanity. Dr. Pittenger's Criticism of the Alexandrine Christology.-In one place Dr. Pittenger admits that the Alexandrine and the Antiochene are two legitimate ways of thinking on the Person of our Lord, and that each of them will have adherents and admirers all the time. The letter brings death when it is separated from the spirit, and when it is turned into an end in itself rather than a means to the end of spiritual obedience. tuition and home schooling, secondary and senior secondary level, i.e. It is at once powerful and fragile, majestic and humble. I was in search of an online course; Perfect e Learn Alexandria Este es a la vez poderoso y frgil, majestuoso y humilde. 0000005651 00000 n El misterio de la Encarnacin segn Cirilo de Alejandra, From Philosophy to Pastoral: A Theological Review and the Pastoral Explications of the Doctrine of the Two Natures in Christ -Chalcedon and Luther, Cyril, Nestorius, and the Logos: A Re-Examination of Early Church Epistles, The Practical Christology of Philoxenos of Mabbug, E. Artemi, The Christological Controversy between Nestorius of Constantinople and Cyril of Alexandria, A Critical Assessment of St Cyril of Alexandrias On the Unity of Christ, and its Significance for Patristic and Modern Theology, Christological Controversies of the First Four Ecumenical Councils, Cyril of Alexandria and Gregory Nazianzen: Tradition and Complexity in Patristic Christology, The Early Christological Controversy: Apollinarius, Diodore, and Gregory Nazianzen. However, it is not the final step. [6] But such truth was often expressed in the form of enigmas, symbols, and allegories. Theological History of Two Natures/One Person, The rejection of the term Theotokos by Nestorius Constantinople, Nestorius did not intend to argue that Christ had a dual nature, but that view became labeled Nestorianism (PRO), The Two Is of Christ: Revisiting the Christological Controversy, El rechazo del trmino Theotokos por Nestorio de Constantinopla y la refutacin de su enseanza por Cirilo de Alejan, La Virgen Mara, Theotokos, y Cristo, verdadero Dios y verdadero Hombre. In other words, The goal of this paper will be to evaluate the life and work of one representative of the Alexandrian tradition, Origen of Alexandria. Cyril insists that Mary, the mother of God, should be called Theotokos. Alexandria had it's own form of Christology, that defined the Human Nature in the Hypostatic Union to be a generic human nature, and this was in contrast (although not incompatible) with the Antiochene Christology that define's Christ's Human nature as a specific human being. (LogOut/ Edwards also questions the common assumption that Origen held to a doctrine of the pre-existence of the soul. Alexandria By answering that question in the negative, the church acknowledged some degree of discontinuity with Mosaic Law. WebANTIOCH, SCHOOL OF The common doctrinal tendencies, particularly in exegesis and Christology, that characterized the theological thinkers and writers who represented the Antiochian tradition. 845 (2012) 153-177. Por otro lado, el trmino Anthropotokos reconoce que Mara es la madre de este hombre, pero dicho trmino puede en s mismo dar a entender que l no es ms que un hombre, lo cual de nuevo es ofensivo a la fe cristiana ortodoxa en la deidad de Cristo. Then, there were many different viewpoints of the doctrine proposed by Alexandrian School (ex: Arius, Athansius, and Apollinarius) and Antiochene School (ex: Then, by way of comparison, I will examine in briefer compass the work of one representative of the Antiochene tradition, Theodore of Mopsuestia. Alexandria Antioch, School of All the courses are of global standards and recognized by competent authorities, thus WebANTIOCH, SCHOOL OF The common doctrinal tendencies, particularly in exegesis and Christology, that characterized the theological thinkers and writers who represented the Antiochian tradition. Dictionary : ANTIOCHENE THEOLOGY Nestorio fue entronizado como arzobispo el 10 de abril 428. Grade 10 and 12 level courses are offered by NIOS, Indian National Education Board established in 1989 by the Ministry of Education (MHRD), India. If Jesus was only human, Cyril argues, and God was elsewhere, the Incarnation, the Word become flesh, would be meaningless. One of Origens fullest treatments of the Mosaic Law is found in his Commentary on the Epistle to the Romans. [1] Donald Fairbairn, Patristic Exegesis and Theology: The Cart and the Horse, Westminster Theological Journal 69 (2007), 10-11; Brevard Childs, The Struggle to Understand Isaiah as Christian Scripture (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2004), 132-33; Frances Young, Alexandrian and Antiochene Exegesis, in History of Biblical Interpretation, ed. 42 0 obj << /Linearized 1 /O 44 /H [ 940 297 ] /L 26946 /E 10052 /N 4 /T 25988 >> endobj xref 42 26 0000000016 00000 n [3] According to Elizabeth Lauro, the somatic sense can be understood as literal, whereas the psychic and pneumatic senses are non-literal. l encontr en las expresiones Madre de Dios y Dios sufriente poco ms que una devocin ignorante que haba cortado tantos ngulos en sus implicaciones, hasta el punto de haberse quedado muy cerca de las concepciones mticas paganas de la deidad. I strongly The Alexandrian Christology is usually referred to as Christology from above, orLogos SarxChristology. Origens chief target was Marcion (ca. 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Given the various theological controversies that existed in Origens day, it is no surprise that his commentary evinces a somewhat polemical character. ALEXANDRIAN Philo used this allegorical approach to Scripture to prove that Moses was superior to any pagan philosophers. In response to these teachings of Marcion, Origen defended the positive value and continuing relevance of Mosaic Law for Christians. 0000008123 00000 n However, church historians have long since recognized that this distinction is neither wholly accurate nor helpful in exegetical studies. Cirilo insiste en que Mara, la madre de Dios, debe ser llamada Theotokos. [] Note: this is the second part of a paper originally written for a class on the History of Biblical Interpretation at Westminster Theological Seminary in Philadelphia. WebAlexandrian and Antiochene theologians were expedient hermeneuts, meaning they utilized whichever exegetical practice (allegory, typology, literal, historical) that would supply them with their desired theology or interpretive conclusion. Origens defense of Mosaic Law in his Commentary on Romans is rather complex, and it may be helpful to analyze his argument topically, in terms of various distinctions that he makes. 0000002620 00000 n WebAlexandria as they had his teacher Origen, but Arius almost single-handedly ushered in an era in which the church was well-nigh intoxicated with Christology, though he did so from a Trinitarian perspective and did not waste much time on the articulation between Christs disparate natures. [11] Jews insisted on the total application of Mosaic Law, while Gnostics repudiated Mosaic Law altogether, but both camps were guilty of carnal exegesis. You can download the paper by clicking the button above. Developing a conducive digital environment where students can pursue their 10/12 level, degree and post graduate programs from the comfort of their homes even if they are attending a regular course at college/school or working. But the nature and extent of this discontinuity would continue to be debated. Alexandrians vs. Antiochenes on Mosaic [4] Elizabeth Lauro, Reconsidering Origens Two Higher Senses of Scriptural Meaning: Identifying the Psychic and Pneumatic Senses, in Studia Patristica 34, ed. Theodore of Mopsuestia prefers to speak of the perfect union of Christs natures rather than synthesis. 0000008998 00000 n The literal sense is thus reduced to a mere receptacle, playing only an instrumental or subordinate role. Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 85-160), whose name has become synonymous with an excessively lowview of the Old Testament. As Chau observes, The New Testament differs from the Old only in being a clearer, but not a fuller, manifestation of the spirit.[28], (See the conclusion of the paper in Part 2.). A term paper written on the prompt: "With reference to the dispute between Cyril and Nestorius evaluate the assessment that Antiochene and Alexandrian Christologies are ultimately incompatible." In large measure, Origen inherited this de-historicizing and allegorizing approach to Scripture from two earlier Alexandrians: Philo and Clement. This distinction corresponds in some degree to his distinction between letter and spirit, and it is only the ceremonial law as letter that Origen rejects. In particular, I will focus on his Commentary on Romans and show how his hermeneutical distinction between letter and spirit favors the continuity of Mosaic Law in Christian ethics. Alexandria and Antioch had developed very different views on the matter: The Alexandrian school leaned towards Christs humanity and divinity being absorbed into each other while Antioch leaned towards maintaining the human and divine in Christ as two separate beings. WebCompatibility of Antiochene and Alexandrian Christology - Read online for free. From Monophysitism to Nestorianism - Cambridge Scholars As a result, the Alexandrians tended to see Mosaic Law in terms of continuity, and the Antiochenes tended to see it in terms of discontinuity. Such blending of Greek and Jewish categories is also seen in his handling of Mosaic Law. But the relationship between these two senses is like that between an earthenware vessel and a treasure hidden inside. [13] It is also Christianitys oldest surviving commentary on Romans, predating by about 150 years the second oldest commentary, written by John Chrysostom. [22], Second, Origen believes that the letter of the law is unattainable. As mentioned above, Origen does not dismiss the literal meaning of Scripture. WebThe Alexandrian and Antiochian Christological Thoughts1 Many scholars attribute the problem of the Christological formula concerning the nature of Christ "Mia-physis and Dyophyses" to the controversy between the Alexandrian and the Antiochian theology. In Nestorius letter to Cyril, he argues that Cyril was right to teach the two natures were united in one person, and right to say that the divinity cannot suffer in itself, but that when he goes on to speak of the deity participating in suffering he undoes all his good work. Palabras clave: Theotokos, Anthropotokos, Cristologa, Mariologa, Cirilo de Alejandra.
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